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Golden Temple

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 The Golden Temple is also known as Harmandir Sahib or Hari Mandir by the Sikhs. Located in Amritsar, Punjab, India, this beautiful building is the most important sacred shrine for the Sikhs, who travel from all parts of the world to pay their respects to this, their most important historic site.

 Originally, this site was a small lake, surrounded by a thin forest. Travellers and holy people used the site for meditation and rest. These visitors recognised it as special for its tranquillity and pure & sweet water.

 The lake was enlarged and a small community was established during the leadership of the fourth Sikh Guru (Guru Ram Das, 1574-1581). It was during the leadership of the fifth Guru (Guru Arjan, 1581-1606), that the Golden Temple was built. A Muslim saint Hazrat Mian Mir ji of Lahore in December 1588 initiated the construction of this wonderful building by laying the foundation stone.

 On June 5 through June 6, 1984 Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi ordered an attack on the Golden Temple, as part of attempting to enforce executive rule in the Punjab and capture Jarnail Singh Bhindrenwale, later made a Saint by the Sikhs. The army attacked in an operation labelled Operation Blue Star and killed Bhindrenwale during the battle.

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Goa

 Goa is India's smallest state in terms of area and the second smallest in terms of population. Goa is internationally renowned for its fabled tropical beaches and world heritage architecture. A former colony of Portugal, parts of it were ruled by the Portuguese for about 450 years, from 1510 until December 1961.
 Tourism is Goa's primary industry. Tourists from all over the world come to enjoy the sunny beaches of the state. Domestic tourists also visit the beaches during summer vacation to escape the heat in interior India. Tourism is particularly important along Goa's coastal stretch, but its impact is more limited in the interior parts of the state. Goa is also famed for its cheap liquor, as the state has a very low excise duty on alcohol . Other industries include mining, canning, fertilisers, shipping, fisheries and alcohol distilleries.

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Dharamsala

 Dharamsala or Dharmsāla, (literally; "Rest House") is a town in the northern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Dharamsala is located in the Kangra valley, in the Dhauladhar mountains. It became the capital of the Kangra District in 1852. Dharamsala has been connected with Buddhism for a long time, with many monasteries having been established there in the past. In the 8th century, however, these monasteries are believed to have declined, with Hinduism experiencing a revival. The local Gaddi people are now almost all Hindu.

 In 1848, the area was annexed by the British, and a year later, a military garrison was established in the town. Dharamsala eventually became the administrative capital of Kangra District in 1852. It became a popular hill station for the British working in or near Delhi offering a cool respite during the hot summer months. However, the town was virtually destroyed in a massive earthquake in 1905, which killed an estimated 40,000 people. After this, the British moved their summer headquarters to Shimla (also written Simla) which, though not far away, is off the main fault line and, therefore, less likely to experience a serious earthquake.

 When the Dalai Lama left Tibet, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru offered to permit him and his followers to establish a "government-in-exile" in Dharamsala. Since that point, many Tibetan exiles have settled in the town, numbering several thousand. Most of these exiles live in Upper Dharamsala, or Mcleod Ganj, where they established temples and schools. The town is sometimes known as "Little Lhasa", after the Tibetan capital city.
 The natural features surrounding the town are extremely beautiful and feature rich forests of pine and deodars. The town is divided between Upper Dharamsala or McLeod Ganj (which retains a British colonial atmosphere), and Lower Dharamsala (the commercial centre). Upper Dharamsala (alt. about 1,700m) is about 9 kms (5.6 miles) from Lower Dharmsala by road and is some 460m (or 1,509ft) higher.
McLeod Ganj, or Upper Dharamsala, is the residence of Tenzin Gyatso, the current Dalai Lama. A substantial community of Tibetan exiles resides in the town. There is also a beautiful small Anglican church, St. John of the Wilderness, featuring some exceptional stained-glass windows, just a few hundred metres from McLeod Ganj. There are some excellent treks from here to Triund, (3,350m or 10,991ft), Inderhara Pass (4,300m or 14,108ft) and to other beauty spots in the Dhauladhar range.

McleodGanj Dharamsala Map in pdf

 The area covered by Dharamsala is almost 29 sq. km. During the months of December and January, snowfall is common and the temperature ranges from 0°C to 14.5°C. During summers, the temperature ranges from 22°C to 38°C. The best times to visit are from March to June or September to November.  There is an airport about 20km away. Rice, wheat and tea are grown around Dharmsala.

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Hostels in Amritsar, Goa, Dharamsala
Hostel Amritsar There is accommodation at the Golden Temple itself; the Guru Ram Das and Guru Nanak hostels on one side of the complex offer free accommodation up to three nights for visitors.	D'mello Guesthouse D'mello Guesthouse 650 D'Mello Vaddo Anjuna 403 509 Goa
Snow Lion Guest House Jogibara Rd. Tel. 221-289 Dharamsala	Green Hotel Bhagsu Rd. Tel. 221-200 Dharamsala

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